Bangladesh Bank Gives Initial Nod to Four Digital Banks

DHAKA, Bangladesh —

Bangladesh Bank has given the initial go-ahead to four proposed digital banks, marking another step in the country's effort to expand technology-driven banking services and reduce reliance on conventional branch-based operations.

The central bank's board decided on Thursday to issue Letters of Intent (LoIs) to four applicants: bKash Digital Bank, Boost Digital Bank backed by Robi Axiata, DK Digital Bank backed by Bhutan's DK Bank, and Nova Digital Bank, a venture involving Banglalink and Square. The meeting was chaired by Bangladesh Bank Governor Md Mostaqur Rahman.

An LoI represents an initial regulatory approval rather than a final banking licence. Under Bangladesh Bank's digital-bank guidelines, an applicant receiving an LoI must meet specified conditions and regulatory requirements before it can obtain a full licence and commence operations.

12 applicants in the latest round

Bangladesh Bank received applications from 12 entities seeking to establish digital banks in the latest application round.

The applicants were British Bangla Digital Bank PLC; DK Digital Bank; Amar Digital Bank-22 MFI; 36 Digital Bank PLC; Boost Digital Bank backed by Robi; Amar Bank; APP Bank-Farmers; Nova Digital Bank backed by Banglalink and Square; Maitree Digital Bank PLC; Upokari Digital Bank; Munafa Islami Digital Bank backed by Akij; and bKash Digital Bank.

The four successful applicants were selected from those 12 proposals.

Kori receives initial licence

The latest decision also concerns Kori Digital Bank, which was among the two digital-bank initiatives to receive Letters of Intent in October 2023.

At that time, Bangladesh Bank had received applications from 52 entities and issued LoIs to Nagad Digital Bank PLC and Kori Digital Bank PLC. Nagad's licensing process was subsequently placed under review, while Kori was given additional time to fulfil regulatory requirements.

According to the latest reporting, Kori has now received its initial licence after meeting the relevant requirements. This means the latest development involves four newly selected applicants receiving LoIs, alongside Kori's progression in the licensing process.

Digital banking enters a new phase

Bangladesh Bank's digital-bank framework envisages banking services delivered entirely through digital channels rather than a conventional branch network. Such institutions are expected to provide services including account opening and financial transactions through websites and mobile applications.

Under Bangladesh Bank's guidelines, each digital bank is required to have at least Tk 300 crore in paid-up capital. The framework also provides for regulatory scrutiny of applicants before an LoI is issued and allows the central bank to withdraw an LoI if stipulated conditions are not fulfilled.

The central bank has positioned digital banking as part of efforts to broaden access to formal financial services, particularly for underserved customers and small businesses, while supporting the country's transition towards a more technology-based and cash-light financial system.

The latest approvals could therefore add a new layer of competition to Bangladesh's rapidly evolving financial-services market, bringing major mobile financial, telecommunications and corporate groups into the country's emerging digital-banking sector.

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